Liver microbial DNA signatures and extracellular vesicle epitopes as predictors of post-hepatectomy liver failure

Interactions between the livers cellular environment and intestinal microbiota are involved in liver disease progression and health. This study investigates the impact of intra-hepatic microbial particles on liver regeneration (LR) following 70% partial hepatectomy (PH). We focus on the gut-liver axis and the relationship between gut and liver bacterial profiles. The study highlights microbial DNA and extracellular vesicles in liver tissue, examines bacterial translocation, microbiota manipulation, dysbiosis, and microbiome diversity, and assesses the impact of bacterial factors such as motility, spore formation, aerobic nature, and short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) production on LR capacity. We found that bacterial DNA and extracellular vesicles translocate to the liver post-surgery. While gut and liver bacterial profiles differ, some consistency remains. A dysbiotic gut microbiome leads to a dysbiotic liver profile, negatively impacting survival, and LR. Positive correlations with LR were observed for non-acetate and butyrate producers, spore-forming, and non-motile bacteria, whereas Gram-positive bacteria correlated negatively.