Phytochemical profiling, green synthesis of silver nanoparticles, and In silico validation of Crassula ovata for antimicrobial applications

AbstractThe rising antibiotic resistance has become a global challenge, which has compelled the researchers to investigate novel antimicrobials derived from natural sources. Nanoparticles are gaining prominence as a novel therapeutic strategy against microbial infections, offering an alternative to conventional antibiotics. Their unique physicochemical properties make them valuable tools for delivering antimicrobial agents or acting as broad-spectrum inhibitors microbial research. This study intends to assess the antimicrobial potential of relatively unexplored plant extract. The antimicrobial activity of plant extract and major phytochemicals were tested on common pathogenic microorganisms. The extract was obtained from Crassula ovata (Jade plant) which have potential antidiabetic activity, antimicrobial activity, and antioxidant activity. Crassula ovata is used in traditional Chinese medicine to treat sore throat, and the gruel from the leaves is applied on wounds and cuts. For in silico validation, these phytochemicals were docked against microbial surface receptors. The results obtained through in silico studies were further validated by in vitro. The extracted phytochemicals were used for the formation of nanoparticles with distinct properties that have been channelled to meet peculiar antibacterial needs. The correlation of in silico and in vitro results clearly illustrates the enormous antimicrobial potential of plant extract against pathogens.