Orbital and Pulsation Analysis of 42 Heartbeat Stars Discovered in TESS Data

Abstract Heartbeat stars (HBSs) are ideal laboratories for studying the formation and evolution of binary stars in eccentric orbits and their mutual tidal interactions. We present 42 new HBSs discovered based on Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite Science Processing Operations Center (TESS-SPOC) and Quick-Look Pipeline data. Their physical parameters have been obtained through modeling with appropriate models. Subsequently, tidally excited oscillations (TEOs) are detected in 10 systems, and their pulsation phases and modes are identified. Most pulsation phases can be explained by the dominant being spherical harmonic degree l = 2 and azimuthal order m = 0 or ±2. For TIC 156846634, the harmonic with large deviation (>3 σ ) from the expected adiabatic phase can be expected to be a traveling wave or significantly nonadiabatic. The harmonic numbers n = 16 in TIC 184413651 may not be considered as a TEO candidate due to its large deviation (>2 σ ) from the adiabatic expectation. Moreover, TIC 92828790 shows no TEOs but exhibits a significant gamma Doradus–type pulsation. The eccentricity–period relation also shows a positive correlation between eccentricity and period, as well as the existence of orbital circularization. The Hertzsprung–Russell diagram shows that TESS HBSs have higher temperatures and greater luminosities than Kepler HBSs, possibly due to selection effects. This significantly enhances the detectability of massive HBSs and those containing TEOs.