Impact of Darcy–Forchheimer Inertial Drag and Heat Dissipation on Micropolar Hybrid Nanofluid Flow via Expanding Surface

ABSTRACT The hybrid nanofluid integrated with micropolar fluid shows growing interest due to the enhanced thermal performance in microscale devices. These improved properties are due to their greater thermal conductivity and rotational effects. The proposed study assesses the significance of velocity slip on the flow characteristic of micropolar nanofluids via an expanding/contracting surface immersed in a permeable medium under the action of Darcy–Forchheimer inertial drag. In particular, the integration of magnetite nanoparticles and in the traditional liquid, ethylene glycol, is utilized for the enhanced thermal transport features of the hybrid nanofluid. The proposed assumptions have several applications in the cooling of microelectromechanical systems, porous media filtration and so forth. The model formulated for the proposed assumptions is obtained and designed in the form of non‐linear coupled equations. Further, suitable transformation rules are adopted in transforming these equations into dimensional form, and shooting combined with Runge–Kutta fourth‐order is utilized for the solution. Moreover, the important outcomes obtained from the physical description of several factors affecting the flow phenomena are that the concentration of magnetized nanoparticles effectively controls the momentum distribution, where the radiating heat, characterized by thermal radiation, upsurges the heat transport phenomenon.