Construction Mechanisms and Management Strategies for Win‐Win Ecosystem From a Multi‐Scale Perspective in the Wujiang River Basin

ABSTRACT Multi‐scale synergy and enhancement of ecosystem services (ESs) is one of the key challenges for regional sustainable development. To address the limitations of existing single‐scale management strategies, we innovatively construct a multi‐scale analytical framework. Taking the Wujiang River Basin (WJRB) in Guizhou Province, China, as an empirical case, the InVEST model is employed to quantify ESs and integrate spatial econometric analysis with land use decoupling techniques, and we systematically reveal the formation mechanisms of multi‐scale win‐win patterns. The results indicate: (1) Ecosystem win‐win areas exhibit scale‐stable spatial distribution patterns. (2) Forestland and cropland synergistically form the foundational components of win‐win systems, but they exhibit a pronounced trade‐off relationship and scale‐dependent effects. As the analytical scale expands, the proportion of forestland shows a marginal decrease (from 85% to 74%), while cropland exhibits a marginal increase (from 12% to 23%). (3) Achieving multi‐scale win‐win synergy requires the establishment of a scale‐adapted governance system of “core conservation zones – flexible regulation zones”. Small‐scale units should designate core protected areas (forest coverage of 78.42% ± 4.14%) with strict ecological redline management, while large‐scale units can implement flexible regulation zones allowing moderate cropland expansion (cropland coverage of 19.62% ± 4.10%) alongside quality‐oriented forest landscape optimization. Concurrently, differentiated resource planning strategies and ecological compensation mechanisms are essential to mitigate conflicts of interest across scales. This study proposes a flexible regulation management model grounded in nature‐based solutions, establishing a quantifiable decision‐making framework for multi‐scale governance of ecosystems in karst regions.