Design of High-Gain Linear Polarized Fabry–Perot Antenna Based on Minkowski Fractal Structure

High-gain linear polarized antennas are widely used in wireless communications. However, the insertion loss of the feed network increases, limiting the potential for enhancing antenna gain. In this paper, a high-gain linear polarized Fabry–Perot (FP) antenna based on a fractal structure, which consisted of a metasurface and 2 × 2 array antenna structure, was designed. The spacing between the metasurface structure and array antenna was a free space half-wavelength, forming an FP antenna with a high gain. The self-similarity of the fractal structure allowed miniaturization of the structure. The proposed antenna and metasurface structural units comprised a first-order Minkowski fractal structure. The antenna unit was further miniaturized by including a square gap structure in its unit structure, while its gain was improved by using an air dielectric layer as the dielectric substrate of the antenna unit. The antenna unit formed a 2 × 2 array antenna through a 1–4 feeding network. The reliability of the array antenna performance was verified by processing and measuring the antenna structure. Experimental results showed that the −10 dB working bandwidth of the antenna is 5.71–5.89 GHz, while at 5.8 GHz its gain is 16.5 dBi. The radiation efficiency is over 90%. The experimental results were consistent with the simulation results. The proposed antenna exhibits high gain and is suitable for short-distance wireless communication systems and other fields.