Vascular interventional strategies for recurrent nasopharyngeal carcinoma: diagnostic and therapeutic perspectives

Vascular interventional methods provided critical diagnostic and therapeutic value in the management of recurrent nasopharyngeal carcinoma. These approaches enabled the identification of tumor-feeding arteries, comprehensive assessment of vascular anatomy and distal perfusion, and mitigation of the risk of life-threatening hemorrhage. Their application established a secure foundation for subsequent therapeutic interventions targeting recurrent disease.