Pulmonary Infections in Patients with Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection

Pulmonary infection is an important cause of hospitalization, morbidity, and mortality in people living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV; PWH) infection, especially in those with significant immunosuppression. Pneumonia, including Pneumocystis jirovecii and Mycobacterium tuberculosis etiologies, continues to be the most frequent pulmonary infection in PWH. However, identifying the etiology of pulmonary infection in PWH is challenging because of the overlap in clinical features and the frequency of co-infection. This review focuses on the current scientific evidence regarding pulmonary infection in PWH, including its epidemiology, clinical presentation, diagnosis, and management.

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Publication Details

Journal
Seminars in Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine
Published
2025-10-23
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1055/a-2725-7350
Primary Topic
Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia detection and treatment
Type
article
Field-Weighted Citation Impact
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article

Pulmonary Infections in Patients with Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection

Catia Cillóniz, Juan M. Pericàs, José M. Miró, Antoni Torres
Seminars in Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine
Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia detection and treatment
article

Pulmonary Infections in Patients with Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection

Catia Cillóniz, Juan M. Pericàs, José M. Miró, Antoni Torres
article en

Abstract

Pulmonary infection is an important cause of hospitalization, morbidity, and mortality in people living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV; PWH) infection, especially in those with significant immunosuppression. Pneumonia, including Pneumocystis jirovecii and Mycobacterium tuberculosis etiologies, continues to be the most frequent pulmonary infection in PWH. However, identifying the etiology of pulmonary infection in PWH is challenging because of the overlap in clinical features and the frequency of co-infection. This review focuses on the current scientific evidence regarding pulmonary infection in PWH, including its epidemiology, clinical presentation, diagnosis, and management.

Seminars in Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine
Hebron University (PS), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (ES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ES), Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias (ES), Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (ES), Hospital Clínic de Barcelona (ES), Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques de Barcelona (ES), Vall d'Hebron Hospital Universitari (ES), Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (ES), Consorci Institut D'Investigacions Biomediques August Pi I Sunyer (ES), Universidad Continental (PE), Universitat de Barcelona (ES)
Openalex Percentile: Top 59%
Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia detection and treatment
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