Effect of Non-surgical Periodontal Therapy on Levels of Ghrelin and Tumor Necrosis Factor-Alpha (TNF-α) in the Gingival Crevicular Fluid of Healthy and Periodontitis Patients With and Without Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Clinico-Biochemical Study

Our findings suggest that ghrelin and TNF-α levels may serve as useful biomarkers for evaluating periodontal disease severity and treatment response, especially in patients with T2DM. The study also confirms the effectiveness of NSPT in reducing inflammation, highlighting its critical role in managing periodontitis among individuals with systemic conditions like T2DM.