Challenges and potential of cashew trees in Brazil: A critical review

The cashew tree (Anacardium occidentale) is one of the most important crops in Brazilian fruit production, with significant economic, social and environmental importance, especially in the semiarid region of the Northeast, responsible for 99.7% of national production. The activity generates approximately 100 million dollars per year, being a strategic source of income for small producers. Despite the nutritional and sensory potential of the pseudofruit, its underutilization still represents significant losses. The full use of the plant, including the nut, pseudofruit and residues, offers opportunities in industries such as food, beverages, cosmetics and biocomposites. In this scenario, the dwarf cashew tree stands out as a promising alternative, due to its adaptation to adverse climates and contribution to family farming. This article analyzes the challenges and potential of the crop, considering its role in the sustainable development of vulnerable regions of Brazil.