Are “Nutraceuticals” effective in the prevention of prostate cancer? A review

Prostate cancer has emerged as one of the most significant health issues. The consumption of nutrients engages in the hormonal regulation of the prostate, induces oxidative stress and inflammation, and alters growth factor signaling, contributing to prostate carcinogenesis. Several in vitro and in vivo laboratory tests revealed that compounds such as flavonoids, carotenoids, and lycopene were attributed to unique biological activities. Because the influence of nutrients is a modifiable risk of developing and preventing prostate cancer, understanding the positive and negative effects of various nutrients is crucial to the worldwide strategy against prostate cancer. In this study, we systematically reviewed related studies and discussed the present understanding of the role of nutrients in the prevention of prostate cancer.