Clinical Application of Combined Measurement of Cardiac Injury Markers and Platelet Parameters in Pregnant Women with Preeclampsia

Background Preeclampsia (PE) is a severe pregnancy complication characterized by hypertension and organ damage. Recent evidence suggests that cardiac injury and platelet dysfunction may contribute to the progression of PE. This study aimed to evaluate the clinical value of combined detection of cardiac injury markers and platelet parameters in the diagnosis, risk stratification, and prognosis of PE in pregnant women.Material and methods This retrospective study included 120 pregnant women with PE (PE group) and 120 healthy pregnant women (control group) hospitalized from January 2020 to December 2022. Serum cardiac injury markers (cardiac troponin I [cTnI], creatine kinase-MB [CK-MB], and N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide [NT-proBNP]) and platelet parameters (platelet count [PLT], mean platelet volume [MPV], platelet distribution width [PDW], and plateletcrit [PCT]) were measured. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was used to evaluate the diagnostic efficacy of individual markers and their combinations.Results Compared with the control group, PE patients had significantly elevated cTnI, CK-MB, NT-proBNP, MPV, and PDW, and decreased PLT and PCT (all p<0.01). The diagnostic performance of a combined detection model (AUC=0.907, 95 % CI: 0.867-0.947) was superior to any single marker. In PE patients, elevated cardiac injury markers were positively correlated with PE disease severity, blood pressure, and proteinuria. Patients with both abnormal cardiac markers and platelet parameters had significantly higher rates of maternal and neonatal adverse outcomes (p<0.001) and were more likely to require early delivery and intensive care.Conclusions Combined detection of cardiac injury markers and platelet parameters provides better diagnostic accuracy for PE and can serve as a valuable tool for risk stratification and prognosis prediction. This approach may facilitate early intervention and individualized management strategies for pregnant women with PE.