Research on loose bolt diagnosis in substations based on RIME-VMD-MCKD

As the core node of the power transmission system, the reliability of the substation's bolt connections directly affects the safe operation of the power grid. Loose bolts can lead to structural instability, while the traditional manual detection methods are inefficient and have poor environmental adaptability. To address this problem, this paper proposes a bolt loosening detection method for substations based on RIME-VMD-MCKD. To address the loosening of bolted structures in substations due to vibration, impact and other unstable factors, this study combines the high sensitivity of the RIME technique and the advantages of VMD and MCKD signal processing methods in feature extraction to realize the accurate detection of bolt loosening state.The RIME technique identifies the changes in bolt preload by measuring the changes in the electromechanical impedance of bolted structures to determine the loosening state of the bolts. The VMD method is used to decompose the acquired vibration signals and extract the key frequency band information containing the bolt loosening characteristics. On this basis, the decomposed signals are further processed using the MCKD technique to highlight the fault characteristics related to bolt loosening and improve the accuracy and reliability of detection. The experimental results show that the method can effectively identify the loosening state of substation bolts and provide a strong guarantee for the safe operation of substation equipment.