Cerebral Fat Embolism Syndrome-case Report

Fat embolism syndrome (FES) is an uncommon complication, typically presenting with respiratory insufficiency following orthopedic trauma.The condition is referred to as cerebral FES (CFES) when neurological symptoms dominate, which is an even rarer form of FES.We present a case of a 21-year-old male who was brought to the emergency department with lower extremity fractures following a traffic accident.The patient experienced a sudden decline in consciousness and developed confusion during his follow-up.An echocardiogram performed in the emergency room revealed hyperechogenic structures in heart chambers, and subsequent magnetic resonance imaging scan showed multiple infarct areas, leading to a diagnosis of CFES.The diagnosis of CFES is challenging due to the non-specific nature of the symptoms and the frequent normality of computed tomography scans.High clinical suspicion is crucial in patients with orthopedic injuries who experience sudden neurological decline.