Preserving Indigenous Indonesian Batik Motif Using Machine Learning and Information Fusion

Preserving Indonesia’s indigenous cultural heritage in the form of Batik with various motifs to maintain the nation’s continuity from generation to generation. Hundreds of Batik motifs are spread across multiple regions of Indonesia, along with their unique names and meanings, where each motif has a cultural and historical meaning behind it. The distinctive patterns of Batik motifs challenge the community to remember and distinguish them, so it is crucial to have an intelligent system. This study designed and implemented a Batik motif classification system based on machine learning’s Support Vector Machine (SVM) with a Radial Basis Function (RBF) kernel. The primary key to classifier performance is features. An assessment was carried out on the performance of two feature models: single features and fused features. The Gray Level Co-occurrence Matrix (GLCM) produces the texture features of the Batik motif, and the Moment Invariant (MI) is used to create the shape features of Batik motifs. The Union Fusion and XOR operators produce a single fused feature of the two features. The proposed combination of techniques, namely SVM and GLCM, outperforms the combination scenario of Multi Texton Histogram (MTH), Multi Texton Co-Occurrence Descriptor (MTCD), Multi Texton Co-occurrence Histogram (MTCH) with SVM, and the combination of GLCM with 1-NN as well as the combination techniques that employed information fusion. The experiment results showed that the proposed combination technique achieved an accuracy of 97%. It can be concluded that SVM (RBF) with GLCM yields the best Batik motif recognition system.