Lower urinary tract dysfunction in rare paediatric neurological conditions: A joint report by the neurourology promotion committee and children and young adults committee of the International Continence Society

Neurogenic lower urinary tract dysfunction (NLUTD) is a frequent but under-recognized complication in children with rare neurological disorders. These conditions often interfere with central or peripheral pathways involved in micturition, leading to various clinical presentations including urinary incontinence, urinary retention, and risk to upper tract deterioration. The objective of this joint report by the Neurourology Promotion Committee (NUPC) and the Children and Young Adults Committee (CYAC) of the International Continence Society (ICS) is to describe and summarise rare paediatric neurological conditions associated with NLUTD, with a focus on their pathophysiology, urological sequelae, and implications for clinical management. Included conditions have been categorised into complex anatomical, genetic, neurodevelopmental, metabolic disorders and malignancies. The complex interplay of neurological, anatomical and developmental factors highlights the need for timely, multidisciplinary, and personalized care to protect kidney function, support continence, and enhance quality of life (QoL) in children with complex neurological and developmental conditions.