Aphid control using natural enemies: Lessons for fine-tuning banana-aphid management

• Aphids are serious crop pests and vectors of plant-pathogenic viruses. • Natural enemies (parasitoids, pathogens, predators) can be effective aphid control agents. • This strategy is under-exploited for Banana Bunchy Top Disease management. • Efficacy of natural enemies is influenced by management practices, plant traits and diversity. • Agroecological manipulations at varying scales offer opportunities for banana aphid control. Aphids are serious crop pests and vectors of plant-pathogenic viruses. Natural enemies (parasitoids, pathogens, and predators) can be effective aphid control agents. Vector control can achieve the sustainable management of vector-borne diseases. However, this strategy is under-explored for Banana Bunchy Top Disease (BBTD). This study conducted a systematic review of available literature on aphid control using natural enemies. It has highlighted key opportunities for exploiting and fine-tuning banana-aphid and BBTD control using natural enemies. Relevant literature was identified using PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis) guidelines. The search used Scopus and Web of Science databases, employing specific search terms related to aphids and their natural enemies. Data was extracted from 276 publications. A keyword network analysis highlights aphid-parasitoid interactions, aphid-predator interactions, and agroecological aspects of aphid management using natural enemies as key research themes. The analysis also shows natural enemies to have been successfully deployed using classical, augmentative, and conservation strategies. The paper describes their effects on aphids, and the influence of management practices, plant traits, and plant diversity. It also presents examples of agroecological manipulations, within and around fields, and within the broader landscape affecting natural enemies., The mediating effects of crops and agroecological conditions could be explored for controlling banana aphids.