Evaluating wind energy feasibility in different locations of Bangladesh: A techno-economic and environmental perspective

• Techno-economic-environmental analysis of wind turbines in Bangladesh is done. • Weibull distribution revealed Sandwip as the best wind farm location in Bangladesh. • Sinovel SL2000/121 turbines offered 0.1066 US$/kWh cost of electricity. • Biomimetic modifications of the turbines significantly enhance turbine performance. • Bio-inspired modifications of wind turbines can reduce CO 2 emissions by up to 35%. Despite its wind energy potential, Bangladesh faces challenges in harnessing wind power due to underdeveloped infrastructure, limited wind turbine capacity, and insufficient assessments of wind resources. The country’s reliance on fossil fuels highlights the urgent need for renewable energy solutions. However, comprehensive assessments of wind energy resources and turbine performance remain scarce. This research aims to fill this gap by conducting a techno-economic and environmental analysis of wind turbines in selected regions of Bangladesh, including biomimetic performance modifications. A multi-criteria selection process identified twenty potential locations, of which six were selected based on a Weibull distribution analysis of wind characteristics. The Empirical Method of Justus provided the most accurate results for estimating Weibull parameters. The study evaluates twelve commercial wind turbines, considering capacity factor (CF), cost of electricity (COE), and net-avoided CO 2 emissions. Sandwip was the top performer due to higher wind speeds. Among the turbines, the Sinovel SL2000/121 achieved the best performance with a CF of 0.5179, COE of 0.1066 US$/kWh, and net-avoided CO 2 emissions of 4802 tonnes/year. The study also investigates the potential of biomimetic modifications to improve turbine performance. These modifications resulted in a 35% reduction in CO 2 emissions annually, compared to turbines without modifications. This research provides critical insights into optimal wind turbine location selection, turbine model evaluation, and biomimetic design, contributing to maximizing wind energy harvesting in Bangladesh.