Farmers’ perception and adoption of local hybrid maize seed in the Upper West region of Ghana

Farmers’ quest to improve their livelihoods through the use of hybrid seeds is increasingly becoming a challenge for sustainable agricultural production. This study investigated farmers’ perceptions, profitability, and adoption of local hybrid maize in the Upper West region of Ghana. Using cross-sectional data from 400 randomly selected maize farmers, a quantitative method was employed, with primary data gathered through structured questionnaires. A 3-point Likert scale, profitability indicators, and two-step Cragg double hurdle regression were used to achieve the study’s objectives. The major findings indicate that the majority of seeds used in the region were sourced from agro-input dealers. The perception index revealed that respondents had a neutral stance on the affordability, availability, and quality of local hybrid maize seeds. Profit analysis results showed significant differences in the profit levels of local versus foreign hybrid maize, with foreign hybrids proving to be more profitable. The empirical findings indicated that education, access to extension services, access to credit, and perception variables significantly influenced the adoption of local hybrid maize seeds. Farmers identified access to credit as their top constraint. The study recommends promoting local hybrid maize in the market and ensuring that parent material is available for multiplication by seed producers through research institutes. Promotional efforts such as advertisements, quality packaging, demonstrations, and field days can help publicize local hybrids and address fraudulent activities that damage the reputation of the local hybrid maize industry, as farmers and seed producers have noted instances of fraudsters misrepresenting grain as seeds for sale.