From rift to continental collision: insights into the crustal evolution of the Southern Borborema Province (NE Brazil) revealed from metasedimentary rocks of the Sergipano Orogenic System

The Macururé Domain, the largest unit of the Sergipano Orogenic System in NE Brazil, comprises a supracrustal succession intruded by numerous Brasiliano/Pan-African plutons. In this study, we present U–Pb and Lu–Hf isotopic data on detrital zircon from quartzites, integrated with lithological, geochemical and published geochronological results, to constrain provenance and tectonic setting. Detrital zircon U‒Pb spectra show prominent peaks at 2000–1980 and 1000–950 Ma, which correspond to the Paleoproterozoic Orogeny and the Cariris Velhos event. The Paleoproterozoic grains, with <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" overflow="scroll"> <mml:mi>ε</mml:mi> </mml:math> Hf ( t ) values ranging from −15.6 to +0.5, and Archean model ages of 3.5–2.5 Ga indicate that crustal reworking dominated during Paleoproterozoic source formation. Tonian grains, with <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" overflow="scroll"> <mml:mi>ε</mml:mi> </mml:math> Hf ( t ) values from −24.7 to +8.4 and model ages of 3.2–1.3 Ga, suggest contributions from both juvenile crust and ancient reworked components. These isotopic signatures differ from those of the São Francisco Craton and instead point to sources within the Borborema Province. The youngest grains (808–739 Ma) are contemporaneous with sedimentation and magmatism in the adjacent Canindé Domain, supporting a coeval basin development in an extensional setting, followed by basin inversion and continental collision at the onset of the Ediacaran.