Adverse Reactions Manifesting as Restricted Eye Movement and Nasal Lesions in a 38-Year-Old Chinese Woman Following Cosmetic Hyaluronic Acid Injection: A Case Report

Hyaluronic acid (HA) is a widely used dermal filler in cosmetic procedures due to its biocompatibility and ability to provide volume and hydration to the skin. Despite its popularity and general safety, adverse reactions can occur, necessitating awareness and preparedness among clinicians. This case report presents a 38-year-old Chinese woman who developed restricted eye movement likely affecting both horizontal and vertical movements. The specific muscles involved may include the medial and lateral rectus muscles, as well as the superior and inferior rectus and oblique muscles, contributing to the observed symptoms along with nasal lesions following an HA injection. Such complications are often attributed to inadvertent vascular occlusion, leading to ischemia in the affected areas. Preventive measures and immediate treatment are crucial in managing these adverse effects. The administration of hyaluronidase, an enzyme that breaks down HA, is the primary intervention to mitigate the effects of vascular compromise. Additionally, aspirin may be prescribed to improve blood flow and reduce the risk of thrombosis. In this case, prompt treatment with hyaluronidase and supportive therapy, including aspirin, led to significant improvement. Over several weeks, the patient experienced restored eye movement and resolution of nasal lesions.