Beyond hemodynamics: environmental and psychosocial predictors of anxiety in emergency patients with gastrointestinal bleeding

It can be said that reducing the noise and chaos in the ED and providing a calmer and more supportive environment for the patient can reduce the state anxiety levels of patients with GIB and similar acute conditions and thus positively affect both their psychological wellbeing and medical outcomes. These findings may inform the development of targeted interventions-such as environmental modifications, structured patient education, or supportive practices-that can be implemented in the ED to enhance patient care.