The chain-mediating roles of social support and depression in the relationship between tuberculosis knowledge and self-management: a cross-sectional study based on the ABC-X model

This study demonstrated that TB knowledge significantly influences self-management, both directly and indirectly, through the sequential mediating roles of perceived social support and depression. Enhancing TB knowledge alone may be insufficient without concurrently addressing social support and mental health. Multidimensional interventions integrating education, social support enhancement, and psychological care are essential for improving patient adherence and outcomes. The ABC-X model provides a useful framework for guiding future TB self-management interventions.