Coordinated development of urban logistics, ecological resilience, and economic resilience: evidence from Guanzhong Plain, China

With the rapid expansion of China’s urban agglomeration logistics industry, higher demands are placed on the adaptability of the logistics infrastructure. This study uses the coupling coordination degree to analyze the interaction and spatial characteristics of logistics infrastructure, economic resilience, and ecological resilience in the Guanzhong Plain Urban Agglomeration. Based on statistical data from 2013 to 2022, an entropy method evaluation model was adopted to calculate the optimized coupling coordination degree among the three subsystems. The results show that (1) ecological resilience in the study area generally surpasses economic resilience and logistics infrastructure; (2) from 2013 to 2020, coupling coordination degrees of the three subsystems showed an upward trend, but a decline occurred after 2020; (3) Xi’an, as the core city of both the Guanzhong Plain Urban Agglomeration and Shaanxi Province, demonstrates significantly higher coupling coordination development than other cities; and (4) temporal fluctuations in coupling coordination degree are influenced by early infrastructure levels, industrial structures, and the timing of the pandemic. This study expands the perspective of urban agglomeration studies, extends coupled-coordinated development research to northwestern China, and provides a basis for targeted policies in relatively underdeveloped regions.