Fluctuations and interrelationship of oxidative stress and hepcidin during the menstrual cycle

Oxidative stress fluctuated across the menstrual cycle, with increases observed during the MP and FP. These fluctuations appeared to be more pronounced in the presence of ID. In contrast, Hepc did not exhibit consistent cyclical changes. Although oxidative stress was considered to influence Hepc elevation through inflammatory responses, no direct relationship was detected at the blood marker level.