Synergizing plant breeding and animal nutrition: A review on the development of drought-tolerant and high-nutrient forage grasses and legumes

Despite the significant advancements in forage research and development, adoption rates remain low due to institutional challenges, insufficient synchronization between research outputs and farmer needs, and limited access to quality seeds. The recent studies highlight improved forages’ impact on livestock productivity, including increased milk and beef production and environmental sustainability. It further explores the potential for integrative forage development strategies that combine agricultural research, technology innovation, and policy support to foster sustainable farming practices. This review examines the role of improved forage systems in enhancing livestock productivity, particularly in drought-prone regions, and emphasizes the importance of cross-disciplinary approaches for sustainable livestock systems. The findings underscore the need for collaborative efforts among research institutions, private sector actors, and policymakers to create scalable solutions. Finally, the paper calls for increased investment in holistic breeding programs, integrated forage innovation hubs, and policies that ensure seed availability, which are crucial for enhancing the resilience of livestock systems in the face of climate change.