Impacts of urbanization on energy balance in a central Amazonia city

We investigate the components of radiation and energy balance and heat storage flux in an urban area of Central Amazonia, during the wet and dry seasons of 2022. Detailed radiation and turbulent energy fluxes measurements were conducted using a 30-meter micrometeorological tower. The analyses include an assessment of the energy balance closure, incorporating the urban canopy heat storage term. The main findings were: (i) A footprint analysis showed that during the wet season, the primary energy flux sources were from the impermeable surfaces, while in the dry season, in addition to impermeable surfaces, green areas also influenced the fluxes; (ii) Incoming shortwave radiation was significantly higher during the dry season; (iii) Albedo was higher in dry season compared to the wet season; (iv) Latent heat flux showed low sensitivity to seasonal variability, compared to sensible heat flux; (v) Energy balance closure significantly improved with the inclusion of urban canopy heat storage and soil heat flux, highlighting their critical roles in reducing energy imbalances. The measurements presented in this study are the first Eddy Covariance measurements for an urban region of the Amazon. These results are important for urban climate modeling in tropical regions, providing insights into the impacts of urbanization in the Amazon region.

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Publication Details

Journal
Scientific Reports
Published
2025-10-21
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-19952-1
Primary Topic
Urban Heat Island Mitigation
Type
article
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article

Impacts of urbanization on energy balance in a central Amazonia city

Jailson Ramos da Mata, R. C. Oliveira, Rita V. Andreoli, Carla de Souza Farias et al.
Scientific Reports
Urban Heat Island Mitigation
article

Impacts of urbanization on energy balance in a central Amazonia city

Jailson Ramos da Mata, R. C. Oliveira, Rita V. Andreoli, Carla de Souza Farias, Cléo Quaresma Dias‐Júnior, Anne Cristiny Santos de Mendonça, Ranyelli Cunha de Figueiredo, Thiago de Lima Xavier, Bruno Takeshi Tanaka Portela, Joice de Jesus Machado, Alacimar Viana Guedes, Adam Stapleton, Rodrigo Augusto Ferreira De Souza, Denisi Holanda Hall, Marcelo Crestani Mota, Gilberto Fisch, Maria Juliana de Melo Monte, Luiz Antonio Candido
article en

Abstract

We investigate the components of radiation and energy balance and heat storage flux in an urban area of Central Amazonia, during the wet and dry seasons of 2022. Detailed radiation and turbulent energy fluxes measurements were conducted using a 30-meter micrometeorological tower. The analyses include an assessment of the energy balance closure, incorporating the urban canopy heat storage term. The main findings were: (i) A footprint analysis showed that during the wet season, the primary energy flux sources were from the impermeable surfaces, while in the dry season, in addition to impermeable surfaces, green areas also influenced the fluxes; (ii) Incoming shortwave radiation was significantly higher during the dry season; (iii) Albedo was higher in dry season compared to the wet season; (iv) Latent heat flux showed low sensitivity to seasonal variability, compared to sensible heat flux; (v) Energy balance closure significantly improved with the inclusion of urban canopy heat storage and soil heat flux, highlighting their critical roles in reducing energy imbalances. The measurements presented in this study are the first Eddy Covariance measurements for an urban region of the Amazon. These results are important for urban climate modeling in tropical regions, providing insights into the impacts of urbanization in the Amazon region.

Scientific ReportsVol. 15(1)
Universidade de Taubaté (BR), Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia (BR), Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia do Pará (BR), Universidade do Estado do Amazonas (BR), Instituto Federal do Amazonas (BR), Dublin City University (IE)
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