Multidimensional sleep health linked to quality of life among Chinese adults

Despite the well-documented prevalence of sleep problems in the general population and their associations with significant health consequences that compromise quality of life, comprehensive investigations of multidimensional sleep health in Hong Kong Chinese adults remain limited. This study aimed to characterize multidimensional sleep health in Chinese adults and evaluate its association with health-related quality of life (HRQL). Data were collected through a cross-sectional study of a population-representative sample in the Hong Kong community. The Short-Form-12 Health Survey version 2 (SF-12v2), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Nonrestorative Sleep Scale (NRSS), Patient Health Questionnaire, Perceived Stress Scale, and ENRICHD Social Support Instrument were administered. Objective sleep parameters were derived from ActiGraph Link accelerometer data. The composite sleep health score was computed by aggregating the scores of efficiency, regularity, duration, and timing by actigraphy measures and the subjectively reported satisfaction and alertness by the PSQI and NRSS. Group comparison and multiple linear regression were performed to examine the association between sleep health and HRQL. A total of 500 adults (66.4% female, 39.1 years old on average) completed the survey. Participants scored 51.56 (46.57, 55.09), 49.69 (43.07, 56.72), and 2.67 ± 1.36 on the physical component summary (PCS) and mental component summary (MCS) of the SF-12v2 and the sleep health composite score, respectively. Individuals with better sleep regularity and sleep health composite scores had higher MCS. After adjusting for sociodemographic and lifestyle characteristics, somatic symptoms, stress, and social support, sleep regularity demonstrated a statistically significant association with MCS (B = 1.38, P = 0.038), while the composite score of sleep health was significantly associated with role physical of PCS (B = 0.46, P = 0.041). Sleep regularity and a composite score of sleep health were associated with HRQL in Chinese adults, suggesting that targeted interventions to enhance overall sleep health and specific dimensions may yield measurable improvements in population HRQL outcomes.