Incidence and predictors of dystocia during the active first stage of labor among mothers at Debre Markos Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Amhara, Northwest Ethiopia

The incidence of dystocia during the active first stage of labor is high. ANC follow-up, linseed consumption, and ambulation are protective, whereas caffeine intake, labor induction, early admission, and poor provider support increase risk. Implementing WHO labor care guidelines and promoting evidence-based provider practices may reduce dystocia and unnecessary interventions.