Advancing Innovative Climate-Resilient and Net-Zero Technologies to Enhance Rice Productivity and Sustainability Amidst Climate Change

Rice farming is a double-edged sword essential to humans as a staple food, yet it is also a source of greenhouse gases that contribute to climate change, a threat to human life. Adopting innovative technologies is one of the sustainable ways to maintain rice production and mitigate climate change. This review aims to comprehensively explore and analyze innovative climate-resilient technologies on productivity, environment, and economic sustainability to implement net-zero agriculture. We conducted a bibliometric analysis based on Scopus data using RStudio and VOSViewer and a systematic literature review using PRISMA guidelines with keywords such as rice, agriculture, technology, land, sustainable, economy, profitability, environment, and ecology. A total of 703 articles were obtained in the initial stage, and 27 articles were deemed eligible for further analysis. We found that precision agriculture, biofertilizers, climate-resilient rice varieties, irrigation technologies, carbon and methane mitigation strategies, and mechanization technologies can increase productivity and mitigate climate change. Adopting these innovative technologies also has a positive impact on environmental and economic sustainability, as well as farmers’ livelihoods. This review emphasizes the importance of collaboration among scientists, the private sector, farmers, and policymakers to achieve food security amidst climate change.