Towards a noise footprint framework: a scoping review

• A tool to assess noise as a result of human activities and choices. • The scoping review revealed that the noise footprint methodologies are fragmented. • Lack of a unified definition and metric impedes comparability and policy integration. • Classifying noise footprint in environmental footprint family supports modularity. Noise pollution is a significant but often overlooked environmental and public health issue. The concept of the “noise footprint” emerges as a tool to systematically assess and communicate the impacts of noise, but its definition and application remain fragmented. The major objective of this research is to assess the current state of knowledge regarding the noise footprint concept and highlight gaps in literature. A scoping review was conducted following PRISMA-ScR guidelines. Articles were screened based on two inclusion criteria: (1) providing a description or assessment of the noise footprint concept, and/or (2) addressing noise impacts within life cycle assessment (LCA) or related methodological frameworks. The review found that the noise footprint concept is used across diverse fields, including transportation, aviation, and marine environments. However, there is no unified definition or consistent methodology. Metrics and indicators vary widely, and most studies focus on inventory or impact assessment phases without a standardized framework. A standardized definition and methodological approach for the noise footprint are lacking. A consensus towards a unified framework would enhance comparability, support effective noise management, and integrate noise into sustainability assessments.