Amoebic Colonization in Humans: the Role of Zoonotic Transmission in Infection Ecology

Abstract Purpose of Review Entamoeba histolytica is the primary causative agent of amebiasis, with transmission occurring mainly through contaminated food and water. A possible, though secondary, zoonotic component has been identified, involving animal reservoirs, primarily non-human primates and dogs. Recent Findings Recent studies indicate that various amoebae species can colonize the human gut, and specific strains may have animal reservoirs capable of maintaining their life cycle and facilitating zoonotic transmission. Summary This review highlights the importance of animal-to-human transmission of pathogenic, potentially pathogenic, and non-pathogenic amoebae species, and discusses their implications from a public health perspective.