Effectiveness of Eye-Tracking Metrics in Human-Centric Design of Human-Machine Interface: Cases on Process Control Operations

Industry 5.0 represents the next frontier in advancing human-machine interfaces through human-centric approaches. This paper outlines industrial regulations emphasizing operators’ cognitive and physiological capabilities in HMI design for control systems. Through process control cases, we demonstrate how eye-tracking captures operators’ engagement with interfaces and perception of design elements. Fixation, scan path, and saccadic measures effectively evaluate attention allocation and search efficiency. Pupil size, blink rate, and saccade amplitude support in assessing mental workload under changing HMI configurations. Findings remain preliminary; involving experienced operators and diverse scenarios could improve generalizability and promote practitioner engagement to develop human-centered HMIs for industrial applications.