A phenomenological perspective on contributors to positive physical self-concept in women with intellectual disability

Purpose People with intellectual disabilities (ID) have shown similar body dissatisfaction levels to those without ID. However, little research has investigated the factors that contribute to their beliefs about their bodies (physical self-concept). This study aimed to investigate the unique experiences and behaviours contributing to positive physical self-concept of women with ID, as this has been associated with positive wellbeing outcomes. Design/methodology/approach A qualitative phenomenological design using thematic analysis was undertaken on women with ID (n = 12) to identify experiences impacting on their physical self-concept. Findings Several mechanisms (behaviours and experiences) and associated psychological benefits (positive psychological experiences) were identified as contributing to their physical self-concept. Several identified themes converged with the Self-Efficacy Theory, suggesting that a sense of competence is particularly important in perceiving one’s body positively. Originality/value These findings provide initial evidence for practical ways to support women with ID to enhance their physical self-concept through enhancing engagement with identified mechanisms, and importantly, their associated psychological benefits.