Effect of Vitamin D Deficiency in Childhood Asthma Severity

Background: Asthma is a prevalent chronic respiratory disorder in children and is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. New evidence suggests that Vit. D may play an immunomodulatory role in asthma pathophysiology by influencing airway inflammation, immune regulation and corticosteroid responsiveness. Objective: This study aimed at comparing serum Vit. D level in asthmatic group versus healthy controls and to assess the relationship between Vit. D status and asthma severity in children. Methods: A case-control study included 74 children had been carried out at Pediatric Department , Zagazig University. The studied children were divided into two groups: 37 asthmatic patients and 37 age and sex-matched healthy controls.These children underwent a throughout Clinical evaluation and laboratory investigations including serum 25(OH) Vit. D . The severity of asthma was determined according to GINA guidelines. Results: Serum Vit. D levels were significantly lower in asthmatic cases compared to controls. Mean Vit. D levels decreased progressively with asthma severity in the asthmatic group, with critical differences between mild , moderate and severe asthma. A strong negative correlation was found between vitamin D levels and asthma severity. Conclusion: According to the study findings serum Vit. D level was significantly lower among asthmatic group, and related strongly to disease severity. These findings highlighted the potential role of Vit. D as a modifiable factor in asthma management.