Assessment the Effect of Thyroid Hormone Levels on Pregnancy Outcomes

Background: Pregnancy significantly affects the maternal thyroid gland, resulting in significant deviations from its prior to pregnancy function. Thyroid disorders, encompassing hypothyroidism, hypothyroxinemia, hyperthyroidism, subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH), & subclinical hyperthyroidism, rank as the 2nd most prevalent endocrine conditions in pregnancy.Aim and objectives: to assess serum levels of TSH and FreeT4 during first trimester & the impact of its level on pregnancy results.Patient and methods: This longitudinal cross section study was included (300) patients that were selected from attendee of Antenanal care unit Obstetrics & Gynecology department of Al Azhar University Hospitals.Result: the logistic regression analysis which identifies predictors for maternal complications among the study group. Among the variables examined, thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), & Free T4 concentrations are significant predictors. TSH shows a strong association with maternal complications, with an OR of 1.567 (p = 0.000), suggesting that higher TSH levels raise the risk of complications. Free T4 has an OR of 3.114 (p = 0.010), showing that higher Free T4 levels significantly increase the odds of complications, making it a critical factor. Other variables, such as age, BMI, diastolic blood pressure (DBP), hemoglobin (HB), gravidity, and abortion history, do not show a significant association with maternal complications in this model.Conclusion: The existence of maternal thyroid problems significantly affects both mother and fetal outcomes if appropriate therapy isn't commenced during the early gestational phase. Consequently, serum TSH & free T4 must be incorporated into the standard diagnostic panel for the early detection & management of thyroid diseases. This will significantly assist us in our commitment to achieving our objective of decreasing maternal & newborn mortality and morbidity.