Serum brain-derived neurotrophic factor, micronutrient status, and inflammatory cytokines in type 2 diabetes with nephropathy: a case–control analysis
Serum BDNF levels are markedly reduced in type 2 diabetic patients with nephropathy and correlate with deficiencies in vitamins D, B12, folate, and zinc, as well as elevated IL-6 and IL-12. BDNF may serve as a biomarker for diabetic kidney disease, highlighting the importance of nutritional status, inflammation control, and neurotrophic support.
Authors
- Huda Jaber Waheed (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8491-8334)
- Nawfal A. Numan
Institutions
- Mustansiriyah University (IQ)
- Mashreq University (SD)
Publication Details
- Journal
- PeerJ
- Published
- 2025-10-20
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.20086
- Primary Topic
- Birth, Development, and Health
- Type
- article
- Field-Weighted Citation Impact
- 0.00