Comparing the Expression Levels of GCG and FBN-1 in the Plasma of Patients with Basal Cell Carcinoma (BCC) and Healthy Individuals

Introduction: One of the most common types of skin cancer is basal cell carcinoma (BCC), which puts a big burden on the healthcare system. Direct and dermoscopic examinations are used to diagnose basal cell carcinoma. GCG is a protein-coding gene expressed in various cells throughout the body, including the small intestine, brain, and skin. Fibrillin-1 is an extracellular protein found in many body tissues. In this study, we compare the expression of GCG and FBN1 genes in the blood of patients with BCC and a healthy control group. Materials and Methods: 1. Selection of patients and sampling. 2. Blood sampling of BCC patients and the control group. 3. Isolation of RNA from blood using an extraction kit. 4. Measurement of RNA concentration and purity. 5. cDNA synthesis and real-time PCR using a specific miRNA cDNA synthesis kit. 6. Statistical analysis Results: The GCG biomarker was positive in 9 out of 15 patients in the group of patients with basal cell carcinoma (BCC). The rate of positivity for this biomarker in the group of healthy individuals was 4 out of 15, indicating a statistically significant difference between the two groups (P-value<0.001). The FBN1 biomarker was positive in 11 out of 15 patients with basal cell carcinoma (BCC). The rate of positivity for this biomarker in the group of healthy individuals was 5 out of 15 people, indicating a statistically significant difference between the two studied groups. (P-value<0.001). Conclusion: The expression of GCG and FBN1 is significantly higher in patients with BCC compared to healthy individuals. Further studies can be done to ensure the role of these genes in the diagnosis of skin cancers.