Niclosamide nanoparticles as a novel adjuvant reverse colistin resistance via multiple mechanisms against multidrug-resistant <i>Salmonella</i> infections

Colistin is used as a last resort for many infections caused by multidrug-resistant gram-negative bacteria, but colistin-resistant strains are on the rise. Studies have found that the combination of niclosamide and colistin exhibits significant synergistic antibacterial effects. Dose-response analysis shows that niclosamide has extremely high resistance reversal efficiency within a relatively low concentration range. The development of the new dosage form of NCL@mPEG-PLGA-NPs will lay a scientific foundation for the clinical application of colistin adjuvants and the development of drug delivery systems.