JWST/MIRI observations of the young TWA 27 system: Hydrocarbon disk chemistry, silicate clouds, and evidence of a circumplanetary disk

Context . The Mid-Infrared Instrument (MIRI) on board the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) enables the characterisation of young self-luminous gas giants in a previously inaccessible wavelength range, revealing insights into physical processes of the gas, dust, and clouds. Aims . We aim to characterise the young planetary system TWA 27 (2M1207) in the mid-infrared, revealing the atmosphere and disk spectra of the M9 brown dwarf TWA 27A and its L6 planetary-mass companion TWA 27b. Methods . We obtained data from the MIRI Medium Resolution Spectrometer (MRS) from 4.9 to 20 μm, and MIRI Imaging in the F1000W and F1500W filters. We applied high-contrast imaging data processing methods in order to extract the companion spectral energy distribution up to 15 μm at a separation of 0.″78 and contrast of 60. Using published spectra from JWST/NIRSpec, we analysed the 1-20 μm spectra with self-consistent atmosphere grids, and the molecular disk emission from TWA 27A with 0D slab models. Results . We find that the atmosphere of TWA 27A is well fitted with the BT-SETTL model of effective temperature T eff ~ 2780 K, log g ~ 4.3, and a blackbody component of ∼740 K for the circumstellar disk inner rim. The disk consists of at least 11 organic molecules, and neither water nor silicate dust emission are detected. The atmosphere of the planet TWA 27b matches with a T eff ~ 1400 K low-gravity model when adding extinction, with the ExoREM grid fitting the best. MIRI spectra and photometry for TWA 27b reveal a silicate cloud absorption feature between 8-10 μm, and evidence (>5σ) of infrared excess at 15 μm that is consistent with predictions from circumplanetary disk emission. Conclusions . The MIRI observations present novel insights into the young planetary system TWA 27, showing a diversity of features that can be studied to understand the formation and evolution of circumplanetary disks and young dusty atmospheres.

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Publication Details

Journal
Astronomy and Astrophysics
Published
2025-10-20
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202556296
Citations
2
Primary Topic
Astrophysics and Star Formation Studies
Type
article
Field-Weighted Citation Impact
2.31

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article

JWST/MIRI observations of the young TWA 27 system: Hydrocarbon disk chemistry, silicate clouds, and evidence of a circumplanetary disk

M. Min, A. Boccaletti, M. Guêdel, Geraldine A. Wright et al.
2 citations
Astronomy and Astrophysics
Astrophysics and Star Formation Studies
2.31
article

JWST/MIRI observations of the young TWA 27 system: Hydrocarbon disk chemistry, silicate clouds, and evidence of a circumplanetary disk

M. Min, A. Boccaletti, M. Guêdel, Geraldine A. Wright, B. Vandenbussche, G. Olofsson, S. Scheithauer, O. Absil, R. Gastaud, Adrian M. Glauser, A. Glasse, P. Baudoz, Xin‐Yuan Sun, I. Kamp, L. Decin, Pascal Tremblin, Laura Esther Gangoso de la Colina, Niall Whiteford, Aditya M. Arabhavi, T. P. Ray, Christophe Cossou, Gabriele Cugno, D. Barrado, Mathilde Mâlin, P. Mollière, M. Morales-Calderón, I. Argyriou, J. Pye, D. Rouan, Jordy Bouwman, R. Waters, Elisabeth C. Matthews, P. Patapis, Danny Gasman, P. Royer, Steven L. Grant, G. Östlin, A. Coulais, P. O. Lagage, Th. Henning, E. F. van Dishoeck, H. Kühnle
article en
2 citations

Abstract

Context . The Mid-Infrared Instrument (MIRI) on board the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) enables the characterisation of young self-luminous gas giants in a previously inaccessible wavelength range, revealing insights into physical processes of the gas, dust, and clouds. Aims . We aim to characterise the young planetary system TWA 27 (2M1207) in the mid-infrared, revealing the atmosphere and disk spectra of the M9 brown dwarf TWA 27A and its L6 planetary-mass companion TWA 27b. Methods . We obtained data from the MIRI Medium Resolution Spectrometer (MRS) from 4.9 to 20 μm, and MIRI Imaging in the F1000W and F1500W filters. We applied high-contrast imaging data processing methods in order to extract the companion spectral energy distribution up to 15 μm at a separation of 0.″78 and contrast of 60. Using published spectra from JWST/NIRSpec, we analysed the 1-20 μm spectra with self-consistent atmosphere grids, and the molecular disk emission from TWA 27A with 0D slab models. Results . We find that the atmosphere of TWA 27A is well fitted with the BT-SETTL model of effective temperature T eff ~ 2780 K, log g ~ 4.3, and a blackbody component of ∼740 K for the circumstellar disk inner rim. The disk consists of at least 11 organic molecules, and neither water nor silicate dust emission are detected. The atmosphere of the planet TWA 27b matches with a T eff ~ 1400 K low-gravity model when adding extinction, with the ExoREM grid fitting the best. MIRI spectra and photometry for TWA 27b reveal a silicate cloud absorption feature between 8-10 μm, and evidence (>5σ) of infrared excess at 15 μm that is consistent with predictions from circumplanetary disk emission. Conclusions . The MIRI observations present novel insights into the young planetary system TWA 27, showing a diversity of features that can be studied to understand the formation and evolution of circumplanetary disks and young dusty atmospheres.

Astronomy and AstrophysicsVol. 704
Leiden University (NL), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (FR), Space Telescope Science Institute (US), University of Vienna (AT), Dublin Institute For Advanced Studies (IE), American Museum of Natural History (US), Johns Hopkins University (US), Radboud University Nijmegen (NL), University of Leicester (GB), University of Liège (BE), Sun Yat-sen University (CN), Stockholm University (SE), University of Groningen (NL), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (FR), Carnegie Institution for Science (US), University of Zurich (CH), Université Paris Cité (FR), Commissariat à l'Énergie Atomique et aux Énergies Alternatives (FR), Université Paris Sciences et Lettres (FR), Université Paris-Saclay (FR), University of Michigan (US), Observatoire de Paris (FR), Radboud University Medical Center (NL), Sorbonne Université (FR), Astrophysique, Instrumentation et Modélisation (FR), Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics (DE), Institute of Particle Physics (CA), Laboratoire d’Etudes du Rayonnement et de la Matière en Astrophysique et Atmosphères (FR), Royal Observatory (GB), Max Planck Institute for Astronomy (DE), Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences (NL), Laboratoire d’études spatiales et d’instrumentation en astrophysique (FR), Institute of Astronomy (RU), Maison de la Simulation (FR), CEA Paris-Saclay (FR), Centro de Astrobiología (ES), AlbaNova (SE), Astronomical Institute of the Slovak Academy of Sciences (SK), Space Research Organisation Netherlands (NL), UK Astronomy Technology Centre (GB), KU Leuven (BE)
National Science Foundation, National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Northrop Grumman, Utah State University, California Institute of Technology, University of Bern, Space Telescope Science Institute, European Space Agency, University of Leicester, University College London, European Commission, Cardiff University, National Research Foundation, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies, Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur Förderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung, Universiteit Leiden, Rijksuniversiteit Groningen, Danmarks Grundforskningsfond, Universiteit van Amsterdam, Swedish National Space Agency, Fonds De La Recherche Scientifique - FNRS, Belgian Federal Science Policy Office, Centre National d’Etudes Spatiales, Chalmers Tekniska Högskola, Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule Zürich, Fonds Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek, Nederlandse Organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek, KU Leuven, Knut och Alice Wallenbergs Stiftelse, Paul Scherrer Institut, Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación, Universität zu Köln, Instituto Nacional de Técnica Aeroespacial, Max-Planck-Institut für Astronomie, Ames Research Center, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Goddard Space Flight Center, Horizon 2020 Framework Programme, Science and Technology Facilities Council, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, European Regional Development Fund, Agencia Estatal de Investigación
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