Large-eddy simulations of conjugate heat transfer in boundary layers over laser-scanned ice roughness

Accurate heat transfer prediction on rough surfaces is critical for ice accretion prediction and aviation safety. Using high-fidelity simulations of conjugate heat transfer, we resolve heat transport in both the fluid and a low-conductivity solid featuring laser-scanned ice roughness. Contrary to the behavior of isothermal surfaces, the low thermal conductivity of the solid causes roughness crests to become the coolest points, sometimes even drawing heat from the air. This work highlights the necessity of including solid conduction effects in next-generation icing models.