Performance of High-Fluidity Cementitious Grouting Materials with Recycled Waste Glass in Semi-Flexible Pavement Mixture

Semi-flexible pavement (SFP) relies primarily on the properties of cementitious grouting material (CGM), which plays a crucial role in providing durability and crack resistance. This paper investigates the performance of CGMs containing recycled waste glass (RWG) as a replacement to fine granite aggregate (FGA) and their effect on SFP mixtures. Two high-fluidity glass-cementitious grouts (Glcement grouts) were developed and tested at five RWG replacement levels (0%, 30%, 50%, 70%, and 100%). The results indicated that CGM with 70% RWG provided the most balanced performance, with a flowability of 11.8 s, low drying shrinkage (0.04%), and water absorption not exceeding 1.9%. The mechanical properties were significantly enhanced, achieving a high compressive strength of 121.9 MPa and a high flexural strength of 13.9 MPa. Microstructural analysis confirmed a refined interfacial transition zone with low porosity (5.36%), contributing to superior durability. Furthermore, the SFP mixture injected with Glcement exhibited high mechanical performance, attributed to improved interlocking within voids. In conclusion, replacing FGA with RWG in CGM optimizes both mechanical and durability properties, promoting sustainable and low-carbon pavement construction.