Carney Complex During Six-Year Follow-Up and Its Association With Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder: A Case Report

Carney complex is a rare autosomal dominant genetic syndrome that may involve multiple endocrine glands. As the disease progresses, different symptoms gradually emerge. Follow-up is crucial for early diagnosis and treatment of each neoplasm. Case report: A 3.8-year-old Han Chinese male patient presented with acne for one year. He was diagnosed with Carney complex for Cushing's syndrome caused by an adrenal adenoma, precocious puberty mainly caused by a large cell calcifying Sertoli cell tumour of the testis. Left adrenalectomy and a treatment for precocious puberty, including aromatase inhibitor therapy, were prescribed. The patient experienced complete relief from Cushing's syndrome and showed an improvement in predicted adult height. Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder impaired the patient's attention. Both the patient and his parents were receiving behavior management training. Carney complex patients need close follow-up. Adrenal adenoma is also a possible pathological type of adrenal lesion in this complex. Multidrug combination therapy could have a good effect on precocious puberty. Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder was present as a comorbid condition, the underlying mechanism of which in patients with Carney complex requires further investigation. Collaboration among multidisciplinary teams is crucial for prognosis.