Edsh effects on RMO: development of a fuzzy cognitive map for anticipating the risk of malaria outbreak

A Fuzzy Cognitive Map (FCM) is a soft computing method used to analyze and understand complex systems. This is particularly useful when there is a little information known about the system or no historical data is available to make a reasonable prediction about the future outcome of the underlying system. This study focuses on the development of a fuzzy cognitive map to predict the risk of malaria outbreak (RMO) in a particular region based on the impact of 15 different factors classified as environmental factors, demographic factors, socioeconomic factors and human habitual factors (EDSH). The results show that the system converges to the same equilibrium point regardless of how the initial conditions are chosen. This study is very effective when exact numerical data is not available, especially, during the initial stage of malaria transmission. Therefore, using the knowledge and experience of experts properly, this study can be of great help to public health authorities to make a reasonable prediction of the risk of malaria outbreak.