Understanding Family Dynamics Through a Neurocognitive Lens

ABSTRACT Individual family members impact each other and the family system at the physiological, brain, behavioral, phenomenological, and social level. Previous research used established methods, such as self‐report and behavioral observation, to provide thorough insights into family dynamics. Here, we complement existing methods and argue for a neurocognitive approach in family research. Neurocognitive tools can provide detailed insights into complex family dynamics by capturing behavioral and brain processes at the individual and family level. By measuring neural activity and the alignment of brain activity between family members, scholars can uncover complex recurrent and situation‐dependent interactions that so far have remained hidden. This approach can increase the scope of family research, especially when measuring family members across generations with different levels of verbal ability. The neurocognitive approach allows researchers to study interconnected family members across multiple generations. Measuring the behavior and brain activity of multiple family members simultaneously is a promising method to reveal additional factors contributing to family well‐being and inform theory and practice. As mobile neuroimaging advances, studying family interactions in natural settings, such as the home, becomes more feasible. The neurocognitive approach fosters understanding of known and unknown factors contributing to family dynamics, bringing it closer to home.