Lingual Thyroid: Prevalence, Clinical Spectrum, and Management Outcomes Over Two Decades

lingual and sublingual regions, rare cases have documented its presence in distant organs and structures throughout the body.These rare instances include ectopic thyroid tissue in the heart, 3 ascending aorta, 4 and thymus, 5 as well as in endocrine-related organs such as the adrenal glands 6 and ovaries. 7Additionally, cases have been noted in the uterus, 8 vagina, 9 and various parts of the digestive system, including the esophagus, 10 duodenum, 11 gallbladder, 12 stomach bed, 13 pancreas, 14 and porta hepatis. 15In some instances, it has even been found within the mesentery of the small intestine. 16he occurrence of this condition is relatively rare, with an estimated prevalence of one in 2,00,000 individuals in the general population or one in 6,000 patients diagnosed with thyroid disorders. 17,18Notably, it is significantly more common in 1-