The Preventive Effect of Pomegranate Peel Powder (Punica Granatum) Against Ethanol-Induced Oxidative Stress on Various Biochemical Parameters in Albino Rats

The point of this study was to find out if pomegranate (Punica granatum) peel powder (PPP), could protect against liver oxidative stress caused by ethanol (E) in rats. We randomly divided 24 Wistar rats, weighing 190–250 g, into four groups 6 rats for each. The negative control group fed a basic diet (pellet), the positive control (ethanolic) group was given 70% ethanol at a dose of 0.005 ml/g to cause oxidative stress. Group III (E&PPP 50%) was orally treated with PPP 50% in addition to a basal diet after one hour of dosing with 70% ethanol for 0.005 ml/g, and group IV (E&PPP 80%) was orally treated with PPP 75% in addition to a basal diet after one hour of dosing with 70% ethanol for 0.005 ml/g. After 30 days, the rats were euthanized, and prior to this, blood samples were collected in specialized tubes to isolate the serum for the intended tests. In the ethanolic group of rats, serum total protein, globulin, albumin, AST, ALP, ALT, and MDA levels went up significantly, while glutathione GSH levels went down significantly. PPP diminished ethanol-induced amounts of total protein, globulin, albumin, AST, ALP, ALT, and MDA in treatment group E&PPP 80%, decreased less than the ethanolic group in E&PPP 50%, compared to the control group. Consequently, the study shows that PPP protects liver from ethanol's toxicity by scavenging free radicals and reducing ROS levels, thereby mitigating hepatocyte damage.