Transport-based initial conditions for heavy-ion collisions at finite densities
We employ the SMASH transport model to provide event-by-event initial conditions for the energy-momentum tensor and conserved charge currents in hydrodynamic simulations of relativistic heavy-ion collisions. We study the fluctuations and dynamical evolution of three conserved charge currents (net baryon, net electric charges, and net strangeness) with a 4D lattice-QCD-based equation of state, NEOS-4D, in the hydrodynamic phase. Out-of-equilibrium corrections at the particlization are generalized to finite densities to ensure the conservation of energy, momentum, and the three types of charges. These theoretical developments are integrated within the X-SCAPE code as a unified framework for studying the nuclear matter properties in the Beam Energy Scan program.
Authors
- S. Ryu (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4907-6650)
- Y. -J. Lee
- J. -F. Paquet
- Rashmi Datta (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2350-882X)
- R. A. Soltz (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5859-2369)
- Akihiko Monnai (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1087-3492)
- Rainer J. Fries (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6366-6745)
- Abhijit Majumder (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0695-3967)
- Y. Ji
- J. Latessa
- I. Soudi
- Matthew Luzum (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0367-7055)
- C. Gale
- L. Schwiebert
- R. Ehlers
- C. Nattrass (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8768-6468)
- C. Sirimanna (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2092-8394)
- Manjeet Singh (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3352-6995)
- Steffen A. Bass (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9451-0954)
- Hendrik Roch (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0187-6843)
- W. R. Zhao (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5261-5910)
- Justin Norman (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7563-2959)
- B. V. Jacak
- Björn Schenke (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7908-1322)
- Charles Thomas Parker (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7436-3176)
- C. Martin
- C. P. Shen (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9012-4618)
- X. -N. Wang (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9617-5168)
- Lipei Du (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3029-6602)
- P. M. Jacobs
- Y. Tachibana (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7625-0100)
- H. Elfner
- J. Velkovska
- G. Roland
- Grégoire Pihan (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7072-4480)
- M. Kordell
- J. Staudenmaier
- M. Chartier (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0578-5567)
- T. Mengel (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1205-9742)
- G. Vujanovic
- A. Sengupta
- H. Mehryar
- Simon Mak (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5693-7076)
- A. Mankolli
- S. Jeon
- A. Kumar (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3407-4094)
- D. A. Hangal (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3826-7232)
- Xiaofeng Zhang (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2738-3286)
- F. Jonas
- J. Putschke
- R. Dolan
- Y. Chen
- N. Senthilkumar
- Matthew Robert Ockleton
- X. Wu (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8943-8054)
- R. Kunnawalkam-Elayavalli (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9202-1516)
Institutions
- Goethe University Frankfurt (DE)
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (US)
- Goethe-Institute United Kingdom (GB)
- University of Helsinki (FI)
- University of Liverpool (GB)
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (US)
- GSI Helmholtz Centre for Heavy Ion Research (DE)
- Duke University (US)
- Universidade de São Paulo (BR)
- Wayne State University (US)
- University of Regina (CA)
- Vanderbilt University (US)
- Brookhaven National Laboratory (US)
- Mitchell Institute (US)
- Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies (DE)
- University of California System (US)
- Central China Normal University (CN)
- University of Houston (US)
- McGill University (CA)
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (US)
- Akita International University (JP)
- Osaka Institute of Technology (JP)
- University of Tennessee at Knoxville (US)
- Texas A&M University (US)
- University of Jyväskylä (FI)
Publication Details
- Journal
- Physical review. C
- Published
- 2026-01-27
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.1103/nvyy-kxhd
- Primary Topic
- High-Energy Particle Collisions Research
- Type
- article
- Field-Weighted Citation Impact
- 0.00