Reliability of handheld autorefractometers in patients after cataract surgery

HH-ARM demonstrated clinically acceptable agreement with TB-ARM for SE values, making SE the most reliable parameter for postoperative refraction in adults. These findings underscore the clinical relevance of HH-ARM as a practical alternative for patients with limited mobility and represent a novel contribution by validating its use in a population where evidence has been scarce. Further studies comparing HH-ARM with subjective refraction and across diverse surgical contexts are warranted.