Health Hazards of Tobacco Farmers in Bangladesh: A Study in Cox’s Bazar District

This study investigates the occupational health hazards experienced by tobacco farmers in Cox’s Bazar, Bangladesh with particular emphasis on the prevalence and characteristics of Green Tobacco Sickness (GTS) and related health conditions. Utilizing a mixed-methods design, data were collected from 210 farmers through structured questionnaires, in-depth interviews, and focus group discussions. Results revealed that a substantial proportion of farmers suffers such as vertigo, vomiting tendency, fever, and palpitation which generally align with nicotine exposure via dermal absorption and inhalation. The use of personal protective equipment (PPE) was found to significantly decrease both the frequency of health complications and the financial burden of treatment. Nevertheless, barriers including limited awareness, economic challenges, and discomfort in hot and humid conditions impede consistent PPE use. Despite the documented health hazards, all participants identified tobacco farming as a financially advantageous livelihood, highlighting the complex trade-off between economic necessity and occupational health risks. Based on these findings, the study advocates for comprehensive interventions such as mandatory PPE provision accompanied by practical training, enhanced health education, routine medical screenings, and initiatives to promote alternative less hazardous crops. Achieving sustainable rural development in tobacco-growing communities requires a balanced approach that integrates economic incentives with effective health protections. Keywords: Green Tobacco Sickness, Occupational Health, Tobacco Farming, Personal Protective Equipment